The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has issued an official notification regarding the subject-wise bifurcation of marks for the 2025 board examinations for Class 10 and Class 12 students. The newly released guidelines detail how marks will be allocated across theory, practicals, internal assessments, and project work. The structure aims to maintain transparency and ensure fair evaluation of students’ learning across both academic and practical domains.
Subject-Wise Marks Bifurcation for 2025 CBSE Board Exams
According to the CBSE circular dated 23rd October 2024, the internal assessments and practical examinations will commence from 1st January 2025, followed by the theory exams from 15th February 2025. The examination pattern reflects CBSE’s emphasis on a holistic approach to education, aligning with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 by integrating conceptual learning and skill development.
2025 CBSE Board Exams Marks Overview
CBSE has specified the bifurcation of 100 marks for a total of 83 subjects in Class 10 and 121 subjects in Class 12. Each subject is evaluated through a combination of theory exams, practicals, internal assessments (IA), or projects, depending on its nature.
| Details | Information |
|---|---|
| Board | Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) |
| Exam Year | 2025 |
| Classes Covered | Class 10 and Class 12 |
| Components | Theory, Practical, Internal Assessment, Project Work |
| Practical and IA Start Date | 1st January 2025 |
| Theory Exam Start Date | 15th February 2025 |
| Total Marks Allocation | 100 Marks per Subject |
| Circular Release Date | 23rd October 2024 |
| Official Circular | Download Circular |
The key information table above provides a concise summary of the CBSE subject-wise marks bifurcation for the 2025 board exams, ensuring clarity regarding the evaluation process, exam timelines, and official guidelines. For further details, refer to the official circular and subject-specific distribution documents linked in the table.
Subject-Wise Marks Bifurcation for CBSE Class 10 (2025)
The Class 10 board exam structure focuses on both theoretical and practical learning. In subjects like Science and Computer Applications, practical work carries significant weight. Language and social science subjects have internal assessments that cover activities such as reading comprehension, speaking tasks, and projects.
| Subject | Theory Marks | Internal/Practical Marks | Total Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Science | 70 | 30 | 100 |
| Mathematics (Standard) | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
| Mathematics (Basic) | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
| Social Science | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
| English | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
| Hindi | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
| Computer Applications | 50 | 50 (Practical) | 100 |
Class 10 Key Points:
- Science: The subject includes theory-based assessments (70 marks) along with practical work and internal assessments (30 marks), where experiments and hands-on activities are conducted.
- Mathematics: Two streams—Mathematics Standard and Mathematics Basic—allow students to select according to their aptitude. Both streams have 20 marks for internal assessments, which include periodic tests and notebook submissions.
- Social Science and Languages: Internal assessments, worth 20 marks, involve multiple components such as project work, speaking tasks, listening exercises, and reading activities.
- Computer Applications: With a 50:50 split between theory and practicals, this subject evaluates students’ coding skills and knowledge of application-based tasks.
Download Detailed Marks Distribution for Class 10
Subject-Wise Marks Bifurcation for CBSE Class 12 (2025)
The Class 12 examination structure emphasizes both theoretical knowledge and project-based assessments. Science-based subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology include significant practical components. Commerce and humanities streams require students to undertake project work that forms a key part of internal assessments.
| Subject | Theory Marks | Practical/Project Marks | Total Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physics | 70 | 30 | 100 |
| Chemistry | 70 | 30 | 100 |
| Biology | 70 | 30 | 100 |
| Mathematics | 80 | 20 | 100 |
| Computer Science | 70 | 30 | 100 |
| Accountancy | 80 | 20 (Project) | 100 |
| Business Studies | 80 | 20 (Project) | 100 |
| English Core | 80 | 20 (Internal) | 100 |
Class 12 Key Points:
- Science Subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Biology): Each subject includes 30 marks for practicals and 70 marks for theory exams. Students must perform laboratory experiments and submit observation records for evaluation.
- Mathematics: The subject includes theory exams worth 80 marks and 20 marks allocated for internal assessments like periodic tests, assignments, and project-based activities.
- Computer Science: With a focus on both programming and theoretical understanding, the practical component carries 30 marks, emphasizing problem-solving skills.
- Commerce Subjects (Accountancy, Business Studies): These subjects require students to submit projects (20 marks) in addition to appearing for the 80-mark theory exams.
- Languages: English Core follows an 80:20 split, where internal assessments include tasks such as listening, speaking, and comprehension exercises.
Download Detailed Marks Distribution for Class 12
Evaluation Guidelines and Instructions from the CBSE 2024 Circular
The CBSE circular dated 23rd October 2024 provides detailed instructions for schools on conducting practical examinations, internal assessments, and uploading marks to the CBSE portal. Some critical points from the circular include:
- Adherence to Deadlines: Schools must conduct practical exams and internal assessments between 1st January 2025 and 14th February 2025. Theory exams will begin from 15th February 2025.
- Uploading Marks: Schools must upload students’ marks promptly. Once marks are uploaded to the CBSE portal, no changes will be permitted.
- External Examiners: For certain subjects, CBSE will appoint external examiners to oversee practical exams and project assessments. These external supervisors will ensure fair and unbiased evaluations.
- Use of Standard Answer Books: Schools are instructed to use CBSE-provided answer books for both theory and practical assessments to maintain uniformity across all exam centers.
- Evaluation Formats: All internal assessments, including practicals, must follow the prescribed evaluation formats to ensure transparency and accountability.
Impact of the New CBSE 2024 Exam Structure
The subject-wise bifurcation of marks aligns with CBSE’s vision of fostering conceptual clarity and skill development through assessments that go beyond rote learning. The integration of internal assessments, practicals, and project work allows students to engage more deeply with subjects, promoting application-based learning.
The new structure also encourages schools to provide students with a balanced academic experience, where theory and practice are given equal importance. Students will benefit from the practical exposure in subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Computer Science, while project work in commerce subjects will develop their analytical and presentation skills.
Important Dates for the 2025 CBSE Examinations
| Event | Date |
|---|---|
| Circular Release | 23rd October 2024 |
| Practical/IA Exams Begin | 1st January 2025 |
| Theory Exams Begin | 15th February 2025 |
Main Links
Official Circular: Download PDF
Class 10 Marks Bifurcation: Download PDF
Class 12 Marks Bifurcation: Download PDF
